1. American Psychiatric Association. (2015). diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. (5th ed). Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association. 2. Heimberg, R. G., Turk, C. L., & Mennin, D. S. (Eds.). (2004). Generalized anxiety disorder: Advances in research and practice. Guilford Press. 3. Hanrahan, F., Field, A. P., Jones, F. W., & Davey, G. C. (2013). A meta-analysis of cognitive therapy for worry in generalized anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology Review. 33: pp. 120-32. 4. Hughes, J. W., Watkins, L., Blumenthal, J. A., Kuhn, C., & Sherwood, A. (2004). Depression and anxiety symptom are related to increase 24-hour urinary norepinephrin excretion among healthy middle-aged women. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 57(4): pp. 353-80. 5. Borkovec, T. D. (1994). The nature, functions, and origins of worry. In G. C. L. Davey & F. Tallis (Eds.), Wiley series in clinical psychology. Worrying: Perspectives on theory, assessment and treatment. Oxford, England: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 5-33. 6. Wells, A. (1995). Meta-cognition and worry: A cognitive model of generalized anxiety disorder. Behavioral Cognitive Psychotherapy. 23(3): pp.301–320. 7. Dugas, M. J., Gagnon, F., Ladouceur, R., & Freeston, M. H. (1998). Generalized anxiety disorder: a preliminary test of a conceptual model. Behavioral Research Therapy. 1998; 36(2); 215–226. 8. Mennin, D. S., Heimberg, R. G., Turk, C. L., & Fresco, D. M. (2002). Applying an emotion regulation framework to integrative approaches to generalized anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 9(1), pp.85-90. 9. Roemer, L., & Orsillo, S. M. (2002). Expanding our conceptualization of and treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: Integrating mindfulness/acceptance‐based approaches with existing cognitive‐behavioral models. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 9(1), pp.54-68. 10. Barlow, D. H. (2004). Anxiety and its disorders: The nature and treatment of anxiety and panic. Guilford press. 11. Borkovec, T. D., Alcaine, O., & Behar, E. (2004). Avoidance theory of worry and generalized anxiety disorder. Generalized anxiety disorder: Advances in research and practice. 12. Borkovec, T. D., Ray, W. J., & Stober, J. (1998). The role of positive beliefs about worry in generalized anxiety disorder and its treatment. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy. 6(2): pp.126-138. 13. Borkovec TD, Ray WJ, Stober J. Worry: A cognitive phenomenon intimately linked to affective, physiological, and interpersonal behavioral processes. Cognitive Therapy Research. 22(6): pp.561-576. 20 14. Wells, A. (2013). Cognitive therapy of anxiety disorders: A practice manual and conceptual guide. John Wiley & Sons. 15. Dugas, M.J., Savard, P., Gaudet, A., Turcotte, J., Laugesen, N., Robichaud, M., Francis, K. and Koerner, N. (2007). Can the components of a cognitive model predict the severity of generalized anxiety disorder? Behavioral Therapy. 38(2):pp. 169–178. 16. Dugas, M. J., & Robichaud, M. (2007). Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: From Science to Practice. New York: Taylor & Francis Group. 17. Mennin, D. S., Heimberg, R. G., Turk, C. L., & Fresco, D. M. (2005). Preliminary evidence for an emotion dysregulation model of generalized anxiety disorder. Behavioral Research Therapy. 43(10): pp.1281–1310. 18. Roemer, L., Salters, K., Raffa, S. D., & Orsillo, S. M. (2005). Fear and avoidance of internal experiences in GAD: Preliminary tests of a conceptual model. Cognitive Therapy Research. 29(1): pp.71–88. 19. Raparia, E., Coplan, J. D., Abdallah, C. G., Hof, P. R., Mao, X., Mathew, S. J., & Shungu, D. C. (2016). Impact of childhood emotional abuse on neocortical neurometabolites and complex emotional processing in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Journal of affective disorders. 190. pp. 414–423. 20. Fakunmoju, S. B., & Bammeke, F. O. (2015). Anxiety disorders and depression among high school adolescents and youths in Nigeria: Understanding differential effects of physical abuse at home and school. Journal of Adolescent. 42. pp. 1-10. 21. Stein, M. B., Walker, J. R., Anderson, G., & Hazen, A. L. (1996). Childhood physical and sexual abuse in patients with anxiety disorders and in a community sample. The American journal of psychiatry, 153.2. pp.23-42. 22. Beichman J.H., Zucker K.J., Hood J.E., Dacosta G A. (1992). A review of the long-term effects of child sexual Abuse. Child abuse & neglect. 16. pp. 101-118. 23. Bernstein DP, Fink L. (1998). Childhood trauma questionnaire: A retrospective self-report: Manual. Psychological Corporation. pp. 17-29. 24. Wright, M. O. D., Crawford, E., & Del Castillo, D. (2009). Childhood emotional maltreatment and later psychological distress among college students: The mediating role of maladaptive schemas. Child abuse & neglect, 33(1), pp. 59–68. 25. Calvete, E. (2014). Emotional abuse as a predictor of early maladaptive schemas in adolescents: Contributions to the development of depressive and social anxiety symptoms. Child abuse & neglect, 38(4). pp. 87-94. 26. Leahy RL. (2002). A model of emotional schemas. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice. 9: pp. 177-90. 27. Leahy, R. L. (2007). Emotional schemas and resistance to change in anxiety disorders. Cognitive and Behavioral practice, 14(1), pp. 36--45 28. Tirch DD, Leahy RL, Silberstein LR, Melwani PS. (2012). Emotional schemas, psychological flexibility, and anxiety: the role of flexible response patterns to anxious arousal. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy. 5(4): pp. 380-91. 29. Leahy RL. (2010). Emotional schemas and resistance to change in anxiety disorders. In: Sookman D, editor. Treatment resistant anxiety disorders. New York: Rou ledge.pp.135-60. 30. Kamali, S., Gharraee, B., & Birashk, B. (2013). The Role of Emotional Schema in Prediction of Pathological Worry in Iranian Students. Procedia Social and Behavioral Science. 84(0): pp. 994-98. 31. Young. (2003). Schema Therapy: Conceptual Model, Available in www.therapist-training.com.au/young.pdf. 32. Maffei, C., Fossati, A., Agostoni, I., Donati, D., Namia, C., Novella, L., Petrachi, M. (1997). Inter-rater reliability and internal consistency of the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis II personality disorders (SCID-II), version 2.0. Journal of Personality Disorders, 11, pp. 279–84. 33. Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2006). A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder the GAD-7. Archives of internal medicine. 166. pp. 48-63. 34. Newman, M. G., Zuellig, A. R., Kachin, K. E., Constantino, M. J., Przeworski, A., Erickson, T., et al. (2002). Preliminary reliability and validity of the generalized anxiety disorder questionnaire-IV: a revised self-report diagnostic measure of generalized anxiety disorder. Behavior Therapy, 33(2), pp. 215-233. 35. Batmaz, S., Kaymak, S. U., Kocbiyik, S., & Turkcapar, M. H. (2014). Metacognitions and emotional schemas: a new cognitive perspective for the distinction between unipolar and bipolar depression. Comprehensive psychiatry, 55(7), pp. 1546–1555. 36. Garrusi B, Nakhaee N. (2009). Validity and reliability of a Persian version of the childhood trauma questionnaire. Psychological reports; 104: pp. 509-16. 37. Heim, C., Nemeroff, C.B. (2001). The Role of Childhood Trauma in the Neurobiology of Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Biological psychiatry. 49: pp.1023-1039. 38. McNally RJ. (1994). Panic disorder: A critical Analysis. New York, Guilford press. 39. Sardarzadeh, S., Ali beige, N., Ebrahimi, S. (2014). Evaluation of Emotional Schemas in Individuals with Anxiety Disorders. Journal of Social Issues & Humanities, 2(4). pp. 25-29.