Marital Conflicts and Basic Needs: The Mediator Role of Spirituality

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Abstract

Introduce: The purpose of the present study was to develop and test a model for explaining marital conflict based on basic needs in choice theory through the mediating role of spirituality.
Method: The present study was correlational with a structural equation method. 72 married participants (131 women, 41 men) were selected by a combined sampling method including cluster sampling and in each cluster by purposeful sampling. Each participant completed Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ), Basic Needs Questionnaire and Spirituality Questionnaire.
Results: The results indicated that the spirituality had a positive significant correlation with all five basic needs, whereas spirituality had a negative significant correlation with all five basic needs. Significant negative relationships were found between marital conflicts and love and belonging and fun needs. Also all five basic needs had positive significant correlation with each other.
Conclusion: spirituality played a mediating role in the relation between marital conflicts and survival, freedom and power needs but not for belonging/ love need and fun need. Furthermore, 5 percent of marital conflict variances and 23 percent of spirituality variances are explain by Glaser's basic needs.

Keywords

References

 
1- Parisuz, A., Najarpourian, S. & Mohammadi, K. (2019). The Effect of Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy on Marital Conflicts and Interpersonal Processing of Married Women with Emotional Divorce. Iranian Evolutionary and Educational Psychology Journal.1, 2, 112-122.
2- Wagner, A., & Grzybowski, L. S. (2014). Como os filhos percebem o relacionamento conjugal de seus pais? In D. M. Arpini, & S. D. Cúnico (Orgs.). Novos olhares sobre a família: Aspectos psicológicos, sociais e jurídicos (pp. 39-53). Curitiba: CRV.
 
3- Zeidner. M, Kloda, I. (2013). Emotional intelligence (EI), conflict resolution patterns and relationships satisfaction, actor and partner effect revisited. Pers Individ Diff, 54, 278- 283.
4- Koerner, A. F. Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2002). You never leave your family in the fight: The impact of family of origin on conflict behavior in romantic relationship. Commun Stud. 53, 3, 234-251.
5-  آقا یوسفی، علیرضا. فتحی آشتیانی، علی. علی اکبری، مهناز. ایمانی فر، علیرضا (1394). اثر بخشی ساختارگرایی بر تعارضات زناشویی، سبک­های اسناد و بهزیستی اجتماعی. دو فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی روان­شناسی بالینی و شخصیت. دوره 13، شماره 2، صص 115-128.
6- Greeff. A. P, Bruyne. T. D. (2011). Conflict management style and marital satisfaction. J Sex Marriage Ther. 2, 321- 334.
7- Maier, Candice. A. Priest, Jacob. B. (2016). Perceived fairness, marital conflict, and depression: A dyadic data analysis. The American Journal of Family Therapy، 44, 2, 95-109
8- Darling, Nancy. Cohan Catherine. L, Burns. Andrew. Thompson, Louisa. (2008). Within-family conflict behaviors as predictors of conflict in adolescent romantic relations. Journal of Adolescence. 31, 6, pp 671-690.
9- Glasser, W. (1998). Choice theory, A new psychology of personal freedom. New York: Harper Collins Publisher.
10- Glasser, W. (2000). Counseling with choice theory: The new Reality Therapy; New York, Harper Collins Publisher.
11- Glasser, W. (1995). Staying together. NewYork: Harper Perennial.
12-  Glasser, W. & Glasser, C. (2000). Getting together and staying together. NewYork: HarperCollins Publishers Inc.
13- وزیری، مژده. (1394). پیش­بینی رضایت زناشویی زوج‌ها براساسی آن‌ها. رویش روانشناسی،ساله 3، شماره 4. صص 96-87.
14-  Soltanifar, Atefeh. Adinehpour, Moosalreza. Borhani, Mahdieh. & Ziaee, maliheh. (2018). The relationship between satisfying the needs (based on the choice theory), quality of life and marital satisfaction among addict individuals who undergone treatment. Fundamentals of Mental Health. 20, 4, pp 271-277.
15- Brown, T. Stuart, S. (2012). Identifying basic needs: the contextual need assessment. Int J Real Ther. 24, 2, pp 7-10.
 
16- وست، ویلیام. (1383). روان درمانی و معنویت، ترجمه شهریار شهیدی، سلطانعلی شیرافکن. تهران: انتشارات رشد.
17-  Mahoney, A. (2010). Religion in families, 1999–2009: A relational spirituality framework. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 4, pp 805–827.
18-  Agate, S. Zabriskie, R & Eggett, D. (2007). Praying, Playing and successful families. Marriage and family Review, 42, 2, pp 51-75.
19-  Diblasio, Fa ، Cheong R. (1997). Christ-like love and forgiveness in marital counseling: Theory and practice implications. Marriage and Family: A Christian Journal.
20-  Mahoney, A. Pargament, K. I. Tarakeshwar, N. & Swank, A. B. (2001). Religion in the home in the 1980s and 90s: A meta-analytic review and conceptual analyses of links between religion, marriage and parenting. Journal of Family Psychology, 15, pp 559-596.
21- Wiggworth, C. (2012). SQ21: the twenty-one skills of spiritual Intelligence. BookBaby.
22-  Friedman, H. & MacDonald, D. A. (2002). Using transpersonal tests in humanistic psuchological assessment. The Humanistic Psychologists, 30, 3, pp 223-236.
23-  Baker, D. C. (2003). Studies of the inner life: The impact of spirituality on quality of life. Quality of Life Research, 12, pp 51-57.
24-  Filsinger, Erik. E. & Wilson, Margaret. R. (1984). Religiosity, Socioeconomic Rewards, and Family Development: Predictors of Marital Adjustment. Journal of Marriage & Family. 46, 6, pp 63–70.
25-  ابراهیمی، شهین. (1390). رابطه هوش هیجانی و هوش معنوی با رضایت از زندگی. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد. منتشر نشده. دانشگاه آزاد، بیرجند.
26-  King, P. E. & Boyatzis, C. J. (2004). Exploring adolescent spiritual and religious development: Current and future theoretical and empirical perspectives. Applied Developmental Science, 8, 1, pp 2-6.
27-  Hackney, C. H, & Sanders, G. S. (2003). Religiosity and mental health: A meta-analysis of recent studies. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 42, 1, pp 43–55.
28-  رضایی، جواد. احمدی، سید احمد. اعتمادی، عذرا. رضایی حسن‌آبادی، مریم. شهدوست، مریم. (1392). تأثیر آموزش سبک زندگی اسلام محور با تأکید بر نظام خانواده بر صمیمیت زوجین اراک. مطالعات روانشناختی،دوره 9،شماره 3، صص 79-106.
29- Corkery, S. Curran, M & Parkman, A. (2011). Spirituality, Sacrifice and Relationship quality for expectant cohabiters. Marriage & family Review, 47, pp 345-362.
30- Selman, L. Beynon, T. Higginson, I. J. Harding, R. (2007). Psychological, social and spiritual distress at the end of life in heart failure patients. Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care. 1, pp 260–266.
31- Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam. (2010). Religiosity and life satisfaction across nations. Mental Health, Religion & Culture.13, 2, pp 155-169.
32- Nazare, B. Fonseca, A. Gamerio, S. Canavarro, M. & Dattilio, F. (2011). Amniocentesis due to advanced maternal age: The role of marital intimacy in couples’s decision making process. Contemporary family therapy, 33, pp 128-142.
33- Olson, D. H, Larson, P. J, Olson-Sigg. A. (2009). Couple checkup: Tuning up relationships. J Couple Relatsh Ther, 8, 2, pp 129-42.
34- Khodadi, Jvad. Rezaiee, Mohsen. Abdollahi, asghar. (2017). The Prediction of Marital Intimacy According to Religious Attitude and Family. Health, Spirituality and Medical Ethics, 5, 2, pp 38-44.
35- Fatima, M. Ajmal, M.A. (2012). Happy Marriage: A qualitative study. Pak J Soc Clin Psychol. 9, 2, pp 37-42.
36- حبیبی، آرش. عدن­ور، مریم. (1396). مدل­یابی معادلات ساختاری و تحلیل عاملی(آموزش کاربردی نرم­افزار LISREL). چاپ اول. تهران: انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی
37- Barati, T. Sanai, B. (1996). Inventory marital conflict. Measures of family structure and marriage. Tehran: The Institute's Bethat Publications, pp 53-48.
38- Burns, M. K. Vance, Diane. Seadokierski, I & Stockwell, C. (2006). Student Needs Survey: A Psychologically Sound Measure of the Five Basic Needs. International Journal of Reality Therapy, 2, 7.
39- Parsian. N, Dunning.T (2009). Developing and validating a questionnaire to measure spirituality: A psychometric process. Global journal of health science, 1, 1, 2.
40- Kline. Rex B (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Newyork: The guilford press.
41- Judd, C. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1981). Process analysis: Estimating mediation in treatment evaluations. Evaluation Review, 5, pp 602–619.
42- کرمانی، عصمت. دانش، زهرا. (1390). تأثیر نگرش مذهبی و هیجان خواهی بر سازگاری زناشویی دبیران متأهل شهرستان پاکدشت. مطالعات روانشناختی. دوره ۷، شماره 2. صص 129-154.
 
1- Parisuz, A., Najarpourian, S. & Mohammadi, K. (2019). The Effect of Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy on Marital Conflicts and Interpersonal Processing of Married Women with Emotional Divorce. Iranian Evolutionary and Educational Psychology Journal.1, 2, 112-122.
2- Wagner, A., & Grzybowski, L. S. (2014). Como os filhos percebem o relacionamento conjugal de seus pais? In D. M. Arpini, & S. D. Cúnico (Orgs.). Novos olhares sobre a família: Aspectos psicológicos, sociais e jurídicos (pp. 39-53). Curitiba: CRV.
3- Zeidner. M, Kloda, I. (2013). Emotional intelligence (EI), conflict resolution patterns and relationships satisfaction, actor and partner effect revisited. Pers Individ Diff, 54, 278- 283.
4- Koerner, A. F. Fitzpatrick, M. A. (2002). You never leave your family in the fight: The impact of family of origin on conflict behavior in romantic relationship. Commun Stud. 53, 3, 234-251.
5-  آقا یوسفی، علیرضا. فتحی آشتیانی، علی. علی اکبری، مهناز. ایمانی فر، علیرضا (1394). اثر بخشی ساختارگرایی بر تعارضات زناشویی، سبک­های اسناد و بهزیستی اجتماعی. دو فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی روان­شناسی بالینی و شخصیت. دوره 13، شماره 2، صص 115-128.
6- Greeff. A. P, Bruyne. T. D. (2011). Conflict management style and marital satisfaction. J Sex Marriage Ther. 2, 321- 334.
7- Maier, Candice. A. Priest, Jacob. B. (2016). Perceived fairness, marital conflict, and depression: A dyadic data analysis. The American Journal of Family Therapy، 44, 2, 95-109
8- Darling, Nancy. Cohan Catherine. L, Burns. Andrew. Thompson, Louisa. (2008). Within-family conflict behaviors as predictors of conflict in adolescent romantic relations. Journal of Adolescence. 31, 6, pp 671-690.
9- Glasser, W. (1998). Choice theory, A new psychology of personal freedom. New York: Harper Collins Publisher.
10- Glasser, W. (2000). Counseling with choice theory: The new Reality Therapy; New York, Harper Collins Publisher.
11- Glasser, W. (1995). Staying together. NewYork: Harper Perennial.
12-  Glasser, W. & Glasser, C. (2000). Getting together and staying together. NewYork: HarperCollins Publishers Inc.
13- وزیری، مژده. (1394). پیش­بینی رضایت زناشویی زوج‌ها براساسی آن‌ها. رویش روانشناسی،ساله 3، شماره 4. صص 96-87.
14-  Soltanifar, Atefeh. Adinehpour, Moosalreza. Borhani, Mahdieh. & Ziaee, maliheh. (2018). The relationship between satisfying the needs (based on the choice theory), quality of life and marital satisfaction among addict individuals who undergone treatment. Fundamentals of Mental Health. 20, 4, pp 271-277.
15- Brown, T. Stuart, S. (2012). Identifying basic needs: the contextual need assessment. Int J Real Ther. 24, 2, pp 7-10.
16- وست، ویلیام. (1383). روان درمانی و معنویت، ترجمه شهریار شهیدی، سلطانعلی شیرافکن. تهران: انتشارات رشد.
17-  Mahoney, A. (2010). Religion in families, 1999–2009: A relational spirituality framework. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 4, pp 805–827.
18-  Agate, S. Zabriskie, R & Eggett, D. (2007). Praying, Playing and successful families. Marriage and family Review, 42, 2, pp 51-75.
19-  Diblasio, Fa ، Cheong R. (1997). Christ-like love and forgiveness in marital counseling: Theory and practice implications. Marriage and Family: A Christian Journal.
20-  Mahoney, A. Pargament, K. I. Tarakeshwar, N. & Swank, A. B. (2001). Religion in the home in the 1980s and 90s: A meta-analytic review and conceptual analyses of links between religion, marriage and parenting. Journal of Family Psychology, 15, pp 559-596.
21- Wiggworth, C. (2012). SQ21: the twenty-one skills of spiritual Intelligence. BookBaby.
22-  Friedman, H. & MacDonald, D. A. (2002). Using transpersonal tests in humanistic psuchological assessment. The Humanistic Psychologists, 30, 3, pp 223-236.
23-  Baker, D. C. (2003). Studies of the inner life: The impact of spirituality on quality of life. Quality of Life Research, 12, pp 51-57.
24-  Filsinger, Erik. E. & Wilson, Margaret. R. (1984). Religiosity, Socioeconomic Rewards, and Family Development: Predictors of Marital Adjustment. Journal of Marriage & Family. 46, 6, pp 63–70.
25-  ابراهیمی، شهین. (1390). رابطه هوش هیجانی و هوش معنوی با رضایت از زندگی. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد. منتشر نشده. دانشگاه آزاد، بیرجند.
26-  King, P. E. & Boyatzis, C. J. (2004). Exploring adolescent spiritual and religious development: Current and future theoretical and empirical perspectives. Applied Developmental Science, 8, 1, pp 2-6.
27-  Hackney, C. H, & Sanders, G. S. (2003). Religiosity and mental health: A meta-analysis of recent studies. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 42, 1, pp 43–55.
28-  رضایی، جواد. احمدی، سید احمد. اعتمادی، عذرا. رضایی حسن‌آبادی، مریم. شهدوست، مریم. (1392). تأثیر آموزش سبک زندگی اسلام محور با تأکید بر نظام خانواده بر صمیمیت زوجین اراک. مطالعات روانشناختی،دوره 9،شماره 3، صص 79-106.
29- Corkery, S. Curran, M & Parkman, A. (2011). Spirituality, Sacrifice and Relationship quality for expectant cohabiters. Marriage & family Review, 47, pp 345-362.
30- Selman, L. Beynon, T. Higginson, I. J. Harding, R. (2007). Psychological, social and spiritual distress at the end of life in heart failure patients. Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care. 1, pp 260–266.
31- Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam. (2010). Religiosity and life satisfaction across nations. Mental Health, Religion & Culture.13, 2, pp 155-169.
32- Nazare, B. Fonseca, A. Gamerio, S. Canavarro, M. & Dattilio, F. (2011). Amniocentesis due to advanced maternal age: The role of marital intimacy in couples’s decision making process. Contemporary family therapy, 33, pp 128-142.
33- Olson, D. H, Larson, P. J, Olson-Sigg. A. (2009). Couple checkup: Tuning up relationships. J Couple Relatsh Ther, 8, 2, pp 129-42.
34- Khodadi, Jvad. Rezaiee, Mohsen. Abdollahi, asghar. (2017). The Prediction of Marital Intimacy According to Religious Attitude and Family. Health, Spirituality and Medical Ethics, 5, 2, pp 38-44.
35- Fatima, M. Ajmal, M.A. (2012). Happy Marriage: A qualitative study. Pak J Soc Clin Psychol. 9, 2, pp 37-42.
36- حبیبی، آرش. عدن­ور، مریم. (1396). مدل­یابی معادلات ساختاری و تحلیل عاملی(آموزش کاربردی نرم­افزار LISREL). چاپ اول. تهران: انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی
37- Barati, T. Sanai, B. (1996). Inventory marital conflict. Measures of family structure and marriage. Tehran: The Institute's Bethat Publications, pp 53-48.
38- Burns, M. K. Vance, Diane. Seadokierski, I & Stockwell, C. (2006). Student Needs Survey: A Psychologically Sound Measure of the Five Basic Needs. International Journal of Reality Therapy, 2, 7.
39- Parsian. N, Dunning.T (2009). Developing and validating a questionnaire to measure spirituality: A psychometric process. Global journal of health science, 1, 1, 2.
40- Kline. Rex B (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Newyork: The guilford press.
41- Judd, C. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1981). Process analysis: Estimating mediation in treatment evaluations. Evaluation Review, 5, pp 602–619.
42- کرمانی، عصمت. دانش، زهرا. (1390). تأثیر نگرش مذهبی و هیجان خواهی بر سازگاری زناشویی دبیران متأهل شهرستان پاکدشت. مطالعات روانشناختی. دوره ۷، شماره 2. صص 129-154.
Clinical Psychology and Personality
Volume 18, Issue 2 - Serial Number 35
September 2020
Pages 55-65

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