Studying Treatment Adherence in Relation to Perceived Self-Efficacy and Perceived Illness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Student, Department of Psychology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic, incurable disease, and adherence to treatment plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of affected patients. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine treatment adherence in relation to perceived self-efficacy and perceived recovery among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Method: The present study was applied and descriptive-correlational in design. The statistical population included all type 2 diabetic patients attending medical centers in District 4 of Tehran during 2022–2023. The study sample consisted of 270 patients with type 2 diabetes who met the inclusion criteria. These individuals were selected using a convenience sampling method. To assess the participants, the following questionnaires were used: Illness Perception Questionnaire (Broadbent et al., 2006), Treatment Adherence Questionnaire (Modanloo, 2013), and Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale (1983). After data collection, analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation and regression methods with SPSS version 22 software.
Results: There is a significant negative correlation between treatment adherence and the perceived self-efficacy component (r = -0.59), the perceived helplessness component (r = -0.66), and the total perceived stress score (r = -0.67). The perceived self-efficacy component accounted for 35%, the perceived helplessness component accounted for 44%, and the total perceived stress score accounted for 45% of the variance in treatment adherence, all in a statistically significant manner.
Discussion and Conclusion: It can be concluded that perceived self-efficacy and perceived helplessness are significantly related to treatment adherence in diabetic patients. Therefore, it is essential to consider patients' perceptions of their illness and their levels of perceived stress when developing treatment plans.

Keywords

References

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