اثربخشی طرحواره درمانی بر تحمل ابهام و تاب آوری مادران کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه بیش فعالی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال نقص توجه_بیش ­فعالی از شایع­ترین اختلالات دوران کودکی است که تاثیر بسیاری بر مادران دارد چراکه ‏آن‏ها نخستین مراقبان و افرادی هستند که بیشترین تعامل را با این کودکان دارند. بنابراین، لزوم استفاده از روش‌های جدید در جهت ارتقا و بهبود شرایط آنان حائز اهمیت است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی طرحواره درمانی بر تحمل ابهام و تاب­آوری مادران کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه_بیش­فعالی اصفهان بود.
روش: طرح پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه­آزمایشی با پیش ­آزمون_پس‌آزمون و گروه کنترل همراه با دوره پیگیری بود. جامعه­ی آماری مورد مطالعه شامل کلیه  مادران کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه_بیش فعالی مراجعه ­کننده به کلینیک­های سطح شهر اصفهان در سال 1399 بود. بعد از غربالگری اولیه و بررسی ملاک­های ورود و خروج، در نهایت تعداد40 نفر از مادرانی که اختلال نقص توجه_ بیش‌فعالی کودکشان توسط متخصص تشخیص قطعی داده شده بود انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه (20 نفره) آزمایش و کنترل گمارده شدند که در جریان جلسات از هر گروه 5 نفر خارج شدند و در نهایت در هر گروه 15 نفر باقی ماند. برای گروه آزمایش 12 جلسه طرحواره درمانی 90 دقیقه­ای برگزار شد و در پایان مداخله، از هر دو گروه پس‌آزمون به عمل آمد و بعد از گذشت یکماه نیز، از هر دو گروه، آزمون پیگیری گرفته شد. ابزار مورد استفاده برای جمع­آوری داده­ها شامل پرسش­نامه­های تحمل ابهام نوع2 مک­لین (2009) و تاب­آوری کونور و دیویدسون (2003) بود. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها نیز از شاخص­های آمار توصیفی نظیر میانگین و انحراف استاندارد و آمار استنباطی تحلیل اندازه­گیری مکرر استفاده گردید.
نتایج: گروه آزمایش افزایش معناداری را در تحمل ابهام (001/0>p) و تاب­آوری (001/0>p) داشته است.
بحث و نتیجه­ گیری: بر اساس یافته ­های این پژوهش می­توان گفت طرحواره درمانی بر افزایش تحمل ابهام و تاب­آوری مادران کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه_بیش فعالی موثر است. بنابراین پیشنهاد می­شود درمانگران  از این رویکرد درمانی در جهت افزایش تحمل ابهام و تاب­آوری این مادران بهره ببرند

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on The Ambiguity Tolerance and Resilience in Mothers of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mandana Golavari 1
  • Felor Khayatan 2
1 MA Student of Clinical Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan), Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan), Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introductoin: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is one of the most common childhood disorders that has a great impact on mothers because they are the first caregivers and people who have the most interaction with these children. Therefore, the need to use new methods to improve and improve their conditions is important. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on the ambiguity tolerance and resilience of mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Isfahan.
Method: The design of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and a control group with a follow-up period. The statistical population included all mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who had referred to clinics in Isfahan in 2020. After initial screening and review of entry and exit criteria, finally, 40 mothers whose ADHD was definitively diagnosed by a specialist and randomly assigned to two groups (20 people) were tested and controlled. During the sessions, 5 people left each group, and eventually, 15 people remained in each group. Then, 12 sessions of 90-minute schema therapy were held for the experimental group, and at the end of the intervention, a post-test was performed for both groups, and after one month, a follow-up test was taken from both groups. The tools used for data collection included the McLean type 2 ambiguity tolerance questionnaire (2009) and the Connor and Davidson (2003) adaptation questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics of repeated measures analysis were used.
Results: The results indicate that the experimental group showed a significant increase in ambiguity tolerance (p <0.001) and resilience (p <0.001).
Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be said that schema therapy is effective in increasing the tolerance of ambiguity and resilience of mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Therefore, it is suggested that therapists use this therapeutic approach to increase the tolerance of ambiguity and resilience of these mothers

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Schema Therapy
  • Ambiguity Tolerance
  • Resilience
  • Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

مراجع

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