اثربخشی آموزش روانی خانواده بر کیفیت زندگی مراقبین اصلی بیماران مبتلا به اختلالات روان‏پریشی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری مشاوره، گروه روان‌شناسی بیمارستان روانپزشکی رازی، دانشگاه علوم توانبخشی و سلامت اجتماعی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، روان‏شناسی بالینی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

4 استاد، گروه روان‏پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم توانبخشی و سلامت اجتماعی، تهران، ایران.

5 کارشناس ‏ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، بیمارستان روان‏پزشکی رازی، دانشگاه علوم توانبخشی و سلامت اجتماعی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: خانواده بیماران روان‌پریش معمولاً تنیدگی  جسمی و روانی، افسردگی، اضـطراب و مشکلات ارتباطات اجتماعی را تجربه می­کنند که بر کیفیت زندگی آنـان اثر می­گذارد و کنتـرل ایـن اثرات نیازمند شناسایی عوامل مرتبط با آن می باشد. از این رو مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین اثر بخشی آموزش روانی خانواده بر کیفیت زندگی خانواده‏های بیماران مبتلا به اختلالات روانپریش در شهر تهران انجام شد.
روش: این پژوهش بـه صـورت نیمـه آزمایشـی با مشارکت 30  مراقب اصلی بیمار  مبتـلا  بـه اختـلالات روانپریش بستری در مرکز آموزشی، درمانی روانپزشکی رازی تهران در بهار سال 1398  انجام شد. این نمونه به روش در دسترس انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در  دو گروه 15 نفره آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. این پژوهش در چهار گام انجام شد. در گام اول پیش آزمون انجام گردید، در گام دوم جلسات آموزش روانی خانواده فقط برای مراقبان اصلی بیماران گروه آزمایش طی 8 جلسه دو ساعته (هر هفته یک جلسه 120 دقیقه ای) برگزار شد. در گام سوم دو گروه بیماران آزمایش و کنترل هنگام ترخیص، پرسشنامه کیفیت زندگی را در مرحله پس آزمون تکمیل نمودند و در گام چهارم، شش ماه پس از پایان جلسات آموزش روانی خانواده، دو گروه بیماران آزمایش و کنترل پرسشنامه مرتبط با پژوهشتکمیل کردند. تحلیل داده هـا بـا اسـتفاده از نـرم افـزار SPSS نسـخه 24 و بـا اسـتفاده از روش تحلیل واریانس با اندازه­گیری مکرر  انجـام گردید.  
نتایج: با توجه به داده­های به دست آمده در مرحلـه پیش آزمـون بیـن گروه­هـای آزمایـش و کنتـرل از نظر ویژگی های دموگرافیک تفاوت معنی داری وجود نداشت (P>0.05). همچنین از نظـر کیفیت زندگی تفـاوت معنـی داری بین گروه­ها مشاهده نگردید (F= 0.92 , P>0.05). امـا در مرحلـه پس آزمـون و پیگیری بیـن آن‏ها تفـاوت معنـی داری به دست آمد (F= 7.63, P<0.001). بـه عبـارت دیگـر، جلسات آموزش روانی خانواده و مراقبت، باعـث افزایش کیفیت زندگی در خانواده  بیماران مبتلا به اختلال روانپریشی گردید.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: بر اساس نتایج پژوهش می­توان گفت آمــوزش روانی خانواده کیفیت زندگی خانواده­های بیماران مبتلا به اختلالات روانپریش را افزایش داده است. این افزایش در کیفیت زندگی و خرده مقیاس­های سلامت جسمانی، سلامت روانی، روابط اجتماعی و سلامت محیطی معنی‏دار می­باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Family Psychoeducation on the Quality of Life of Primary Caregivers of Patients with Psychotic Disorders

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arsalan Ahmadi 1
  • Kiiumars Farahbakhsh 2
  • Abdollah Moatamedy 3
  • Mohammadreza Khodaei 4
  • Ali Keyhani 5
1 Ph.D. in Counseling, Department of Psychology, Razi Psychiatric Hospital, University of Rehabilitation Sciences and Social Health, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabaie University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabaie University, Tehran, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Rehabilitation Sciences and Social Health, Tehran, Iran.
5 Master of Clinical Psychology, Razi Psychiatric Hospital, University of Rehabilitation Sciences and Social Health, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introductoin: Families of psychiatric patients often experience physical and psychological stress, depression, anxiety, and social communication problems that affect their quality of life, and controlling these effects requires identifying related factors. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of family psychoeducation on the quality of life of families of patients with psychiatric disorders in Tehran
Method: This semi-experimental research was conducted with the participation of 30 main caregivers of patients suffering from psychotic disorders admitted to Razi Psychiatry Training and Treatment Center in Tehran in the spring of 2018. This sample was selected by the available method and randomly divided into two groups of 15 people, test and control. This research was done in four steps. In the first step, a pre-test was conducted, and in the second step, family psychological education sessions were held only for the main caregivers of the experimental group patients during 8 two-hour sessions (one 120-minute session each week). In the third step, two groups of experimental and control patients completed the quality   of  life   questionnaire   at the time of discharge, and in the fourth step, six months after the end of the family psychological education sessions, the two groups of experimental and control patients completed the questionnaire related to the research. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24 and repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: According to the data obtained in the pre-test stage, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of demographic characteristics (P> 0.05). Also, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of quality of life (F = 0.92, P> 0.05). But in the post-test and follow-up stages, a significant difference was obtained between them (F = 7.63, P <0.001). In other words, family psychological education and care sessions increased the quality of life in the families of patients with psychotic disorders.
Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the research results, it can be said that family psychoeducation has increased the quality of life of families of patients with psychiatric disorders. This increase is significant in quality of life and subscales of physical health, mental health, social relationships, and environmental health.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Premarital Family Psychoeducation
  • Quality of Life
  • Psychotic Disorders

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