برازش مدل ساختاری رابطه بین تفکر و تلاش برای خودکشی در نوجوانان، باتوجه به متغیرهای میانجی انسجام خانواده و شفقت به خود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، گروه روان شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه:  خودکشی دومین علت اصلی مرگ و میر در سنین 15 تا 29 سال در سطح جهان است. هدف این مطالعه، بررسی نقش تعدیل‌گر انسجام خانواده و شفقت به خود در ارتباط بین افکار و اقدام به خودکشی در میان نوجوانان شهر تهران در سال 1399 بود.
روش: این پژوهش از نوع مطالعات همبستگی مبتنی بر تحلیل روابط ساختاری (مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری) است. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی دانش‌آموزان دختر و پسر پایه‌های دهم، یازدهم و دوازدهم شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 1398-1399 بود. نمونه‌گیری به روش خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای  انجام شد. ابزارهای گرد‌آوری داده‌شامل مقیاس شفقت به خود، پرسش‌نامه انسجام خانواده و گویه‌هایی  افکار خودکشی و اقدام به خودکشی در طی 12 ماه گذشته  بودند. داده‌ها با استفاده از مدل معادلات ساختاری و رویکرد کمترین مربعات جزئی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
نتایج: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد بین انسجام خانواده و اقدام به خودکشی، رابطه‌ای معکوس و معنا‌دار وجود دارد. همچنین، بین بعد منفی شفقت به خود و اقدام به خودکشی، رابطه‌ای مستقیم و معنا‌دار و بین بُعد مثبت شفقت به خود و اقدام به خودکشی ، رابطه‌‌ای معکوس و معنا‌دار مشاهده شد. تحلیل اثرات تعاملی نیز نشان داد شفقت به خود نقش تعدیل‌گر بین افکار خودکشی و اقدام به خودکشی ایفا می‌کند. همچنین، انسجام خانواده نیز این رابطه را تعـدیل می‎کند.
بحث و نتیجه‏‌گیری: این یافته­‌ها بیانگر آن است که انسجام خانواده به یک عنوان یک منبع بیرونی مؤثر و شفقت به خودبه عنوان منبع درونی مؤثر، می‌توانند به عنوان سپر محافظتی در برابر گرایش نوجوانان به رفتارهای پرخطر، از جمله اقدام  به خودکشی، عمل کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Fitting the Structural Model of the Relationship Between Suicidal Thoughts and Attempts in Adolescents, Considering the Mediating Variables of Family Cohesion and Self-Compassion

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Konjkav
  • Alireza Mohammadi
PhD student in Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Clinical Psychology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Suicide is the second leading cause of death among 15- to 29-year-olds worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the moderating role of family cohesion and self-compassion in the relationship between suicidal thoughts and attempts among adolescents in Tehran in 2019.
Method: This study employed a correlational design based on the analysis of structural relationships using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population consisted of all male and female students in the tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grades in Tehran during the 2020-2021 academic year. The sample was selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data collection tools included the Self-Compassion Scale, a family cohesion questionnaire, and items assessing suicidal ideation and suicide attempts over the past 12 months. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling with the partial least squares (PLS) approach.
Results: The results showed a significant inverse relationship between family cohesion and suicide attempts. Additionally, there was a direct and significant relationship between the negative dimension of self-compassion and suicide attempts. A significant inverse relationship was also found between the positive dimension of self-compassion and suicide attempts. Other findings indicated that as suicidal ideation increases, suicide attempts decrease. Interaction analysis confirmed the moderating role of self-compassion in the relationship between suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, including its individual components. Furthermore, family cohesion was found to moderate the relationship between suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
Discussion and Conclusion: This finding indicates that family cohesion serves as an effective external resource, while self-compassion functions as a valuable internal resource, both acting as protective shields against adolescents' tendencies toward risky behaviors.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Suicidal ideation
  • Dementia
  • Self-compassion
  • Family cohesion
  • Adolescents

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