تحلیل مدل رش از ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی مقیاس سلامت روانی مثبت در دانشجویان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری روان‌شناسی تربیتی، پردیس زینبیه پیشوا، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، ورامین، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: سلامت روانی صرفاً به معنای نبود وجود نشانه‌های آسیب‌شناسی و بیماری نیست، بلکه به معنای نداشتن نشانه‌های مثبت سلامت روانی نیز هست. هدف مطالعه حاضر تعیین ویژگی­‌های روان‌سنجی مقیاس سلامت روانی مثبت بر اساس مدل رش بود.
روش: این یک پژوهش کمی و از نوع توصیفی بود که داده­‌های کمی را براساس تجزیه و تحلیل­‌های به دست آمده از پاسخ‌­های دانشجویان به مقیاس سلامت روانی مثبت براساس مدل رش مورد بررسی قرار داد، بنابراین مطالعه از نوع روان‌سنجی بود. نمونه شامل 609 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه فرهنگیان در شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 1401-1402 بود که با روش نمونه­‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و مقیاس سلامت‌­روانی مثبت را تکمیل کردند.
نتایج: نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تحلیل موازی وجود یک عامل غالب را نشان داد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی تأییدی، نتایج تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی را تأیید کرد. هیچ یک از گویه­‌ها وابستگی محلی نشان ندادند؛ بنابراین فرضیه تک عاملی‌بودن مقیاس احراز شد. براساس مدل مقیاس اعتبار جزئی (PCM)، مقادیر دو شاخص Infit و Outfit بین 5/0 و 5/1 قرار داشت و بیانگر برازش گویه­‌های مقیاس با مدل رش بود. شاخص دشواری گویه­‌ها در سطح متوسطی به دست آمد (2008/0- تا 1486/0). نتایج منحنی­‌های گویه‌­ها نشان داد همه گویه‌­ها از مطلوبیت خوبی برخوردار هستند. مقیاس دارای ثبات اندازه­گیری بر اساس جنسیت بود. هیچ کنش افتراقی گویه (DIF) بر اساس جنسیت یافت نشد. ضریب پایایی شخص-گویه 88/0، ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 86/0 و ضریب امگا مک دونالد 84/0 به دست آمد.
بحث و نتیجه‌‏گیری: نتایج مطالعه نشان داد مقیاس سلامت روانی مثبت، ابزاری تک بعدی با ویژگی‌­های روان‌سنجی مطلوب برای سنجش سلامت روانی مثبت در دانشجویان است و می­توان از آن برای ارزیابی مداخلات در این زمینه استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Rasch Model Analysis of the Psychometric Properties of the Positive Mental Health Scale in Students

نویسندگان [English]

  • Noorellah Yousefi 1
  • Alireza Pirkhaefi 2
1 PhD in Educational Psychology, Zeynabiyeh Pishva, Farhangian University, Varamin, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Mental health encompasses more than just the absence of pathological symptoms or diseases; it also includes the presence of positive mental health indicators. The aim of the present study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Positive Mental Health Scale based on the Rasch model.
Method: This study was quantitative and descriptive, focusing on the analysis of students' responses to the Positive Mental Health Scale, which is based on the Rasch model. Therefore, the study was psychometric in nature. The sample consisted of 609 students from Farhangian University in Tehran during the academic year 2021-2022. These students were selected through convenience sampling and completed the Positive Mental Health Scale.
Results: The results of the exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis indicated the presence of a dominant factor. Additionally, the confirmatory factor analysis corroborated the findings of the exploratory factor analysis. None of the items exhibited local dependence; therefore, the hypothesis that the scale is unifactorial was confirmed. Based on the Partial Credit Model (PCM), the values of the two Infit and Outfit indices ranged from 0.5 to 1.5, indicating a good fit of the scale items with the Rasch model. The item difficulty index was determined to be at a moderate level, ranging from -0.2008 to 0.1486. The results of the item characteristic curves indicated that all items demonstrated good suitability. Additionally, the scale exhibited measurement stability across different genders. No item differential interaction (DIF) was identified based on gender. The person-item reliability coefficient was 0.88, Cronbach's alpha was 0.86, and McDonald's omega coefficient was 0.84.
Discussion and conclusion: The results of the study indicated that the Positive Mental Health Scale is a unidimensional instrument with favorable psychometric properties for assessing positive mental health in students. It can also be utilized to evaluate interventions in this area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Well-Being
  • Rash Analysis
  • Positive Mental Health
  • Psychometric Properties

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