تجربة زیسته فرزندان افراد دارای اختلال اضطراب فراگیر: یک بررسی کیفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار روان‌شناسی، گروه روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خاتم، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال اضطراب فراگیر با اضطراب و نگرانی بیش‌ازحد در مورد چند دامنه یا فعالیت مشخص می‌شود. تأثیرات والدین اضطرابی و به‌خصوص والد دارای اختلال اضطراب فراگیر تأثیرات مخربی بر فرزندانشان دارد. در این پژوهش به بررسی تجربۀ زیستة فرزندان والدین دارای اختلال اضطراب فراگیر پرداخته شد.
روش: این پژوهش از نوع کیفی و پدیدارشناسی بود. شرکت‌کنندگان در این پژوهش 15 نفر از فرزندان افراد مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر بودند که به‌صورت هدفمند و گلوله‌برفی از مراکز مشاوره شهر تهران انتخاب شدند. اطلاعات حاصل از مصاحبه‌ها با استفاده از روش هفت مرحله‌ای «کلایزی» مورد تفسیر قرار گرفت.
نتایج: چهار مضمون اصلی از مصاحبه‌ها استخراج شد که شامل شرایط زندگی، تأثیرات اضطراب والد بر زندگی فرد، فقدان مهارت‌های جرئت‌ورزی و تأثیرات روان‌شناختی بر فرد بود. شرایط زندگی دارای 4 زیرمضمون زندگی سخت، پراسترس، تجربة خشم نسبت به والد و خستگی فراوان بود. تأثیرات اضطراب والد بر زندگی فرد شامل 4 زیرمضمون تمایل به مهاجرت (جهت فرار)، همیشه در دسترس بودن جهت اطمینان‌دهی، گزارش‌دهی و عشق بود. فقدان مهارت‌های جرئت‌ورزی با 3 زیرمضمون ناتوانی در نه گفتن، قبول مسئولیت‌های فوق تحمل فرد و توجه و تأکید بر نیازهای سایرین بود. تأثیرات روان‌شناختی اضطراب والد بر فرد با 5 زیرمضمون کمال‌گرایی، اضطراب عملکرد/ اضطراب اجتماعی، اضطراب، فوبیای رانندگی و سایر فوبیاهای خاص و اعتماد‌به‌نفس و عزت‌نفس پایین بود.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: تأثیرات سوء اختلالات اضطرابی والدین می‌تواند سبب ایجاد مشکلات برای فرزندان شود که بررسی آن‌ها اهمیت بسیاری دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Lived Experience of Children of people with Generalized anxiety disorder: A qualitative Study

نویسنده [English]

  • Marzie Hashemi
Assistant Professor in Psychology, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Khatam University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Generalized Anxiety Disorder is characterized by excessive anxiety and worry about various aspects of life or activities. The impact of anxious parents, particularly those with generalized anxiety disorder, can have devastating effects on their children. In this study, we examined the life experiences of children with parents who have generalized anxiety disorder.
Methods: This research employed qualitative and phenomenological approaches. Participants in this study were 15 children of individuals with generalized anxiety disorder who were purposefully selected using the snowball method from counseling centers in Tehran. The information gathered from the interviews was analyzed using the Colaizzi seven-step method.
Results: Four main themes were extracted from the interviews, including living conditions, the effects of parental anxiety on the individual's life, lack of assertiveness skills, and psychological effects on the individual. The living conditions encompassed four sub-themes: difficult life, stress, feelings of anger towards parents, and fatigue. The impact of parental anxiety on an individual's life can lead to a desire to migrate (as a means of escape), a constant need to be available for reassurance, a tendency to report to the parent, and a longing for love. Lack of assertiveness skills with three sub-themes included inability to say no, accepting overly tolerant responsibilities, and prioritizing the needs of others over one's own. The psychological effects of parental anxiety on individuals include five sub-themes: perfectionism, functional anxiety/social anxiety, driving phobia and other specific phobias, and low self-esteem.
Discussion and Conclusion: Parental anxiety disorders can have a significant impact on children. It is crucial to study them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder
  • Lived Experience
  • Children
  • Qualitative

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