وفاداری به طرح درمان در مداخله‌های مدرسه‌مبنا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی‌تربیتی ، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

روش ­شناسی، مبنای طراحی یک مداخله مؤثر است. در مطالعات مدرسه ­مبنا اصطلاح «وفاداری به طرح درمان» یا «طرح مداخله» شامل راهبردهای روش‌شناختی است که برای نظارت بر مداخله‌های کاربردی ضروری است و به این معناست که مداخله همان­گونه که طراحی‌شده انجام و مؤلفه ­های اصلی مداخله منجر به ایجاد نتایج مطلوب شده است. وفاداری به طرح درمان سازه­ای چندبعدی است که شامل ابعاد پایبندی به مداخله، کیفیت مداخله، کمیت مداخله و فرایند مداخله می­شود. این سازه، پژوهش­گر را کمک می­کند تا از روایی و پایایی مداخله‌های بالینی مطمئن شود. گزارش وفاداری به درمان و پیاده ­سازی یک طرح مداخله، راهبردهایی در مورد چگونگی اجرای مداخله، سازگاری طرح مداخله در بافتار موردنظر و موانع پیش­روی طرح در پیاده­سازی و نگهداری ارائه می­دهد. در غیر این­صورت سایر پژوهشگران  و کاربران از شرایط انجام طرح مطلع نخواهند شد. بنابراین، تعیین سطح مطلوب این سازه در مداخله‌ها و اندازه­ گیری آن بسیار مهم است. در دهه ­های اخیر به‌تدریج توجه پژوهشگران بیش‌ازپیش به اهمیت وفاداری به طرح درمان جلب شده است. اما به نظر می­رسد این مقوله نیازمند توجه جدی­تر از سوی پژوهشگران است. از سویی وفاداری به طرح درمان در مداخله‌ه ای مدرسه ­مبنا با توجه به تنوع بافتار و چیدمان مدارس و همچنین محیط پویای مدرسه توجه ویژه­ای را می­ طلبد. برخی از پژوهشگران و نشریات معتبر در سال­های اخیر بر این باورند، بدون گزارش وفاداری به طرح درمان نمی­توان مطمئن بود تغییرات رفتاری در آزمودنی­ ها نتیجه تأثیر متغیر مستقل است. این نوشتار تلاش می­کند تا ابعاد وفاداری به طرح درمان را در مداخله‌های مدرسه­ مبنا معرفی نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Fidelity to Treatment in School-based Interventions

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Mahdi Kaveh Semnani 1
  • Saeed AkbariZardkhaneh 2
  • Omid Shokri 2
  • Jalil Fathabadi 3
1 PhD Student in Educational Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Methodology is the foundation for designing an effective intervention. In school-based studies, the term "fidelity to the treatment plan" or "intervention plan" includes methodological strategies essential for monitoring practical interventions. It ensures that the intervention is implemented as intended and that its key components contribute to producing desired outcomes. Fidelity to the treatment plan is a multidimensional concept that includes adherence to the intervention, intervention quality, intervention quantity, and intervention process. This framework enables researchers to ensure the validity and reliability of clinical interventions. Reporting on adherence to treatment and the implementation of an intervention plan offers insights into how to execute the intervention, the suitability of the intervention plan within its intended context, and the challenges encountered during implementation and maintenance. Failure to report on these aspects may result in a lack of information for other researchers and users about the project's conditions. Therefore, determining the optimal level of fidelity to the treatment plan in interventions and measurements is crucial. While researchers have increasingly recognized the importance of fidelity to the treatment plan in recent decades, this area still requires more serious attention. Loyalty to the treatment plan in school-based interventions, given the diverse contexts and structures of schools, as well as the dynamic school environment, demands special consideration. Some researchers and reputable publications have suggested that without reporting fidelity to the treatment plan, it is impossible to ascertain whether behavioral changes in subjects are truly influenced by the independent variable. This article aims to outline the dimensions of fidelity to the treatment plan in school-based interventions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • School-Based Interventions
  • Treatment Fidelity
  • Intervention Design

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