مقایسه بازشناسی حالات هیجانی چهره و هیجانات خودآگاه شرم و احساس گناه بین دانشجویان دارای علائم اختلال اضطراب فراگیر و عادی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: افراد مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر، دارای نقص­هایی در درک، تنظیم و ابراز هیجانات خود هستند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین تفاوت بازشناسی حالات هیجانی چهره و هیجانات خودآگاه شرم و احساس گناه بین دانشجویان دارای علائم اختلال اضطراب فراگیر و عادی بود.
روش: این پژوهش یک طرح علی-  مقایسه­ ای، با جامعه آماری 400 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان بود. پس از بررسی تمامی اعضای جامعه، تعداد 20 نفر از دانشجویانی که نمرات بالاتر از سطح برش مقیاس اختلال اضطراب فراگیر اسپیترز و همکاران (2006م) کسب کردند و سپس  ملاک ­های مصاحبه بالینی ساختار یافته تشخیص اختلال ­های روانی را برآورد نمودند، به عنوان گروه دارای علائم اختلال اضطراب فراگیر انتخاب شدند و سپس دانشجویان دیگری با همین تعداد و مبنا، متشکل از افراد بهنجار انتخاب گردید. همه آزمودنی­ها از لحاظ نمرات در منتخبی از تصاویر آزمون بازشناسی هیجانی چهره اکمن و فرایزن (1976) و مقیاس حالت شرم و گناه مارشال و همکاران (1994) مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند.
نتایج: برای تحلیل داده­ها از روش تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره استفاده شد که نشان دهندة معنی­داری تفاوت بین دو گروه بود. در ادامه نتایج تحلیل تک متغیره نشان داد، بین گروه بهنجار و گروه دارای علائم اختلال اضطراب فراگیر در بازشناسی هیجانی حالات چهره تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد. در حالی که بین دو گروه در هیجانات خودآگاه شرم و احساس گناه تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت و دانشجویان دارای علائم نمرات بالاتری در این مقیاس به دست آوردند.
بحث و نتیجه­ گیری: لازم است در تبیین و درمان اختلال اضطراب فراگیر به هیجانات خودآگاه شرم و احساس گناه افراد توجه گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Facial Emotion Recognition and Self- Conscious Emotions Shame and Guilt between University Students with Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Normal

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Hokmabadi 1
  • Ezzatollah Ahmadi 2
1 M.A. in General Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani. Tabriz. Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. Tabriz. Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: People with generalized anxiety disorder have defects in perception, regulating, and expressing their emotions. The purpose of this research was to determine the difference in facial emotion recognition and self-conscious emotions of shame and guilt between university students with generalized anxiety disorder and normal university students.
Method: This research employed a causal-comparative design, with a statistical population of 400 students from Shahid Madani University of Azarbaijan. A group of 20 individuals exhibiting symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder was selected based on the cut-off scores of the generalized anxiety disorder scale and the structured clinical interview for diagnosing mental disorders. Another group comprising an equal number of individuals without such symptoms was also chosen. All participants underwent evaluations based on their scores in Ekman and Friesen's (1976) facial emotion recognition test and Marshall et al.'s (1994) scale measuring shame and guilt.
Results: Multivariate analysis of variance method was used to analyze the data, which showed a significant difference between the two groups. Further, the results of the univariate analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the normal group and the group with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder in facial emotion recognition. While there was a significant difference between the two groups in the self-conscious emotions of shame and guilt, and university students with symptoms obtained higher scores on this scale.
Discussion and Conclusion: It is essential to consider individuals' conscious emotions of shame and guilt in explaining and treating generalized anxiety disorder.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder
  • Facial Emotion Recognition
  • Self- Conscious Emotions Shame and Guilt

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