مقایسة تحمل پریشانی، واکنش‌پذیری هیجانی و حساسیت اضطرابی در افراد دارای اضطراب بیماری و اضطراب فراگیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان، کاشان، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان، کاشان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال اضطراب فراگیر و اضطراب بیماری ، دو اختلال نسبتاً شایعی است که علی‌رغم قرار گیری آنها در دو طبقة مجزای تشخیصی دارای شباهت‌های زیادی در علائم روانشناختی هستند. این مطالعه با هدف مقایسة این دو اختلال در مشخصه‌های تحمل پریشانی، واکنش‌پذیری هیجانی و حساسیت اضطرابی صورت گرفت.
روش: پژوهش حاضر یک مطالعة مورد - شاهدی بود. نمونة مطالعه شامل 36 فرد مبتلا به اضطراب فراگیر، 36 فرد مبتلا به اضطراب بیماری و 36 فرد عادی بود. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامة حساسیت اضطرابی، مقیاس تحمل پریشانی و مقیاس واکنش‌پذیری هیجانی استفاده شد. تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS-19 و با آزمون تحلیل واریانس صورت گرفت.
نتایج: نتایج نشان داد، افراد دارای اضطراب فراگیر و اضطراب بیماری حساسیت اضطرابی بیشتر و تحمل پریشانی کمتری را نسبت به افراد بهنجار دارند (05/0>P). در حالی‌که در میزان واکنش‌پذیری با افراد بهنجار تفاوتی نداشتند (54/0=F، 58/0=P). همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که در میزان تحمل پریشانی بین دو گروه دارای اضطراب فراگیر و اضطراب سلامت تفاوتی وجود ندارد (06/0=P)؛ ولی افراد دارای اضطراب فراگیر، حساسیت اضطرابی بیشتری را در مقایسه با افراد دارای اضطراب بیماری گزارش دادند (05/0>P).
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: گرچه حساسیت جسمانی در اختلال اضطراب فراگیر نقش برجسته‌تری دارد؛ ولی به‌طور کلی به‌نظر می‌رسد تحمل پریشانی و حساسیت اضطرابی، مشخصه‌های مشترک و فراتشخیصی در اختلالات روانشناختی از جمله اختلال اضطراب فراگیر و اضطراب بیماری باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Distress Tolerance, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Emotional Reactivity in Individuals with Illness Anxiety (IAD) and General Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Moqhbeli Hanzaii 1
  • Zahra Zanjani 2
  • Mina Khalili Sefat 1
1 Master of Clinical Psychology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Illness anxiety and generalized anxiety disorder are two relatively common disorders that, despite being in two separate diagnostic classes, have many similarities in psychological symptoms. This study was conducted to compare these two disorders in terms of distress tolerance, anxiety sensitivity, and emotional reactivity.
Method: The present study was a case-control study. The study sample included 36 individuals with general anxiety, 36 individuals with illness anxiety, and 36 normal individuals. Data was collected using the Anxiety Sensitivity Inventory, Distress Tolerance Scale, and Emotional Reactivity Scale. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS-19 software and the analysis of variance test.
Results: The study revealed that individuals with general anxiety and illness anxiety exhibit higher levels of anxiety sensitivity and lower distress tolerance compared to individuals without these conditions (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in emotional reactivity between the two groups (F = 0.54, P = 0.58). Additionally, the findings indicated no variance in distress tolerance between individuals with general anxiety and illness anxiety (P = 0.06). Notably, individuals with general anxiety reported higher anxiety sensitivity levels than those with illness anxiety (P > 0.5).
Discussion and Conclusion: Although anxiety sensitivity plays a more prominent role in generalized anxiety disorder, in general, distress tolerance and anxiety sensitivity seem to be common and trans-diagnostic characteristics in psychological disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder and illness anxiety.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Generalized Anxiety Disorder
  • Illness Anxiety
  • Distress Tolerance
  • Anxiety Sensitivity
  • Emotional Reactivity

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