شعردرمانی در روانشناسی معاصر: تعریف مفهومی، تحولات تاریخی و معرفی الگوهای کاربردی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: شعردرمانی به عنوان روشی خلاقانه و میان‌رشته‌ای در روان‌درمانی معاصر جایگاه ویژه­ای دارد. این جایگاه ضرورت توجه به این رویکرد را با درنظر گرفتن ظرفیت­های فراوان شعر و ادبیات فارسی آشکار می­کند. هدف ا پژوهش حاضر، آشنایی بیشتر پژوهشگران و متخصصان روان‌شناسی و ادبیات با شعردرمانی است. در این راستا به تعریف شعردرمانی و تاریخچه آن، معرفی الگوها و کاربردها و همچنین تعریف دقیق شعر و درمان در این رویکرد پرداخته پرداخته می‌شود.
روش: روش پژوهش، مرور نظام‌مند منابع کتابخانه‌ای و تحلیل اسناد پژوهشی مرتبط با شعردرمانی است. تلاش شد با بهره‌گیری از منابع معتبر انگلیسی و فارسی، تصویری جامع و روزآمد از وضعیت این حوزه در جهان و ایران ارائه شود.
نتایج: بررسی کتاب­ها و مقاله­های پژوهشی نشان می‌دهد شعردرمانی علاوه بر تأثیر در درمان اختلالات روانی، ابزاری مؤثر برای گشایش عاطفی، خودآگاهی، افزایش تاب‌آوری روانی و ایجاد ارتباط و همدلی است. در این حوزه، «شعر» علاوه بر اشعار موزون، شامل هر نوع گفتار یا نوشتاری است که بتواند عواطف عمیق و سرکوب‌شده را بیان کند و «درمان» به معنای بهبود، آرامش و رشد شناختی و عاطفی در نظر گرفته می‌شود. همچنین، شعردرمانی با ورود فناوری‌های دیجیتال و هوش مصنوعی گسترش یافته و به توسعۀ روش‌های درمانی نوین کمک کرده است.
بحث و نتیجه‏ گیری: نتایج نشان می­دهد شعردرمانی به عنوان رویکردی میان‌رشته‌ای و مکمل در نظام سلامت و روان‌درمانی کشور می‌تواند نقش مؤثری ایفا کند. توسعه آموزش‌های تخصصی، پژوهش‌های میان‌رشته‌ای و افزایش تعامل میان ادبیات و روان‌شناسی برای بهره‌برداری بهتر از ظرفیت‌های شعردرمانی ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Poetry Therapy in Contemporary Psychology: Conceptual Definition, Historical Developments, and Introduction of Applied Patterns

نویسنده [English]

  • Farideh Davoudimoghadam
1. Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Poetry therapy has a special place as a creative and interdisciplinary method in contemporary psychotherapy worldwide. This significance underscores the need to focus on this method, especially given the rich potential of Persian poetry and literature.
Research Objective: This study aims to familiarize researchers and specialists in psychology and literature with poetry therapy. Specifically, it seeks to define poetry therapy and state its history, introduce its patterns and applications, and ultimately provide precise definitions of poetry and therapy within this context.
Method: This research employs a systematic review of library resources and an analysis of research documents related to poetry therapy. It aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the field's status globally and in Iran, primarily utilizing reliable English and Persian sources.
Findings: Findings from a review of books and research articles worldwide indicate that poetry therapy, beyond its effectiveness in treating mental disorders, is a valuable tool for fostering emotional openness, enhancing self-awareness, increasing psychological resilience, and promoting connection and empathy.
Discussion and conclusion: This study concludes that poetry therapy can play an effective role as an interdisciplinary and complementary approach within the national health and psychotherapy system. To optimize the potential of poetry therapy, it is essential to develop specialized training programs, promote interdisciplinary research, and enhance collaboration between the fields of literature and psychology.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Poetry therapy
  • Creative psychotherapy
  • Artistic expression
  • Symbolism
  • Metaphor
  • Cognitive-behavioral therapy

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