ضروریات طراحی و رواسازی مقیاس‌های روانشناختی: راهنمایی برای پژوهشگران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

2 دانشگاه شاهد

چکیده

مقیاس‌سازی فعالیتی رایج در پژوهش‌های علوم روانشناختی و رفتاری است، اما بسیاری از مقیاس‌های ساخته‌شده نارسا، نادقیق، کم‌مایه و پایه و به‌ندرت میان‌مایه و مطلوب‌اند. طرح‌اندازی یک مقیاس نو، رواسازی و اعتباریابی آن، نه تنها به دوراز پیچ وخم نیست، که  فعالیتی ناهموار و نامانوس است که نیازمند دقت و ریزبینی است. بنابراین هدف ازاین مقاله، بررسی گام‌های ضروری و گاه غایب در مقیاس‌سازی‌های کنونی و به‌ویژه برای نوپژوهشگران است. دراین مقاله بنیان‌های نظری و گام‌های عملی توامان مورد نظر بوده‌اند و از کوته‌نگری نظری و وانهادگی عملی دوری شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Essentials for Developing and Validating Psychological Scales: Guide to Best Practices

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hojjatollah Farahani 1
  • Rasoul Roshan Chesli 2
1 Tarbiat Modares University
2 Shahed University
چکیده [English]

Although Scale development is a common work in behavioral and psychological research, many of them are not adequately exact and perfect. Designing and validating a scale is not only straightforward but also it is an onerous and unfamiliar process. This process requires accuracy and exactness. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to concisely review the step by step process of scale development.  The required and ignored phases and steps of current scale development research, they can be used to all researchers especially the novice. This paper focused on both theoretical basis and practical steps.
The Authors tried to stay away from theoretical superficiality and practical ignorance
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • scale development
  • psychometrics evaluation
  • tests of validity
  • tests of reliability
  • exploratory factor analysis
  • Confirmatory factor analysis
  • content validity
  • item reduction
  • tests of dimensionality
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